The Encyclopedia of the American Left brings together scholarship on the history of left movements — socialist, communist, anarchist, and New Left — in the United States from the 1860s to the present. Thanks to generous support from the Rosa Luxemburg Foundation and a grant from the Democratic Socialists of America Fund, Verso presents this new digital edition of the Encyclopedia, free and accessible to all. Read more >
All entries
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A
- American Negro Labor Congress
- Agrarian Radicalism
- American Workers Party
- Anthropolgy
- Anarchist Publishers
- Asian Indian Americans
- American Indian Movement
- American Committee for Protection of Foreign Born
- American Slav Congress
- African American Anticolonialism
- Art Movements, 1940-2020
- American Exceptionalism
- American Artists' Congress
- Aids Coalition to Unleash Power
- American Labor Party
- Abzug, Bella
- Abortion/Reproductive Rights
- Anarcho-Syndicalism
- Anti-Fascism
- Aptheker, Herbert
- Animal Rights
- Appeal to Reason
- Armenian Americans
- ARTEF
- Arts and Crafts Movement, 1895-1920.
- Azpeitia, Mario
- American Socialist
- Adunata Dei Refrattari
- African Studies
- Algren, Nelson
- Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America
- American-Soviet Friendship
- Adamic, Louis
- Anti-Communism
- Amerasia
- Anarchism, 1950-2000
- American Revolution
- Allen, Theodore W.
- African American Secret Societies
- Alabama Communist Party
- Alinsky, Saul David
- Asian American Left, Post 1960s
- Attica Prison Rebellion
- Allen, Devere
- Anarchism and Beer Halls
- Art History and Diversity
- Anarchism
- Anarchist Black Cross In The United States
- Abraham Lincoln Brigade
- Anarchist Fiction, 1870-1914
- Browse all A
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B
- Bimba, Anthony
- Bread and Puppet Theater
- Baraka, Amiri
- Brookwood Labor College
- Black Panther Party
- Bulosan, Carlos
- Brodine, Russell V.
- Braden, Anne and Carl
- Bourne, Randolph S.
- Briefer, Richard
- Brodsky, Joseph R.
- Buck, Pearl S.
- Browder, Earl R.
- Bridges Harry
- Bookchin, Murray
- Bryant, Louise
- Birmingham Communism
- Baker, Ella
- Berry, Abner Winston
- The Bay Area’s Central American Solidarity Movement.
- "Bring the Boys Home" Movement
- Black Nation
- Bittleman, Alexander
- Benson, Allan L.
- Bedacht, Max
- Breitman, George
- Braverman, Harry
- Baker, General Gordon
- Blatch, Harriot Stanton
- Brotherhood of Timber Workers
- Boggs, James and Grace Lee
- Berkman, Alexander
- Bell, Derrick
- Brecht In America
- Bread and Roses
- Belafonte, Harry
- Bright, John
- Baran, Paul Alexander
- Beats and the New Left
- Baskin, Leonard
- Beard, Charles Austin
- British Americans
- Boudin, Louis B.
- Boot and Shoe Workers Union
- Black International
- Blitzstein, Marc
- Bellamy, Edward
- Berger, Victor L.
- Bloor, Ella Reeve
- Boyer, Richard Owen and Sophia Ripley Ames Boyer
- Browse all B
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C
- Classical Studies
- Cone, Kitty
- Cruse, Howard
- Chicago Renaissance
- Capetillo, Luisa
- Catholic Worker Movement
- Christian Socialism
- Crusader
- Chaplin, Ralph H.
- Carlson, Grace Holmes
- Cacchione, Peter V.
- Cuban Revolution
- Coal Miners
- The Christian Left
- Children's Literature
- Cold War Revisionism
- Critical Legal Studies
- Croatian Americans
- Charles H. Kerr Company
- Copland, Aaron
- Collecting The Left
- Conroy, Jack
- Chinese Question
- Council Communism
- Childress, Alice
- Connolly, James
- Congress of American Women
- California
- Crosby, Ernest Howard
- Cahan, Abraham
- Civil War
- Chinese Americans
- Cannon, James Patrick
- Cox, Oliver
- Cunningham, Agnes "Sis"
- Czolgosz, Leon
- Conservationism/Ecology
- Catlett, Elizabeth
- Cuarón, Ralph
- Critical Accounting
- Cortez, Jane
- Cockcroft, Eva
- Cortez, Carlos A.
- Cape Verdean Americans
- California Peace and Freedom Party
- Civil Rights Movement of The 1960s
- Corona, Bert
- Chomsky, Noam
- Colorado Coal Mine Workers' Strike of 1927-1928
- Calendars
- Browse all C
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D
- Draper, Hal
- Der Hammer (The Hammer)
- Du Bois, W.E.B.
- De Leon, Daniel
- Davis, Angela
- "Detroit" Industrial Workers of the World/Workers International Industrial Union
- Debs, Eugene V.
- Dellinger, David
- Dual Unionism
- Domingo, Wilfred A.
- Dolgoff, Sam
- Dissent
- Dewey, John
- Davis, Benjamin J.
- Dada
- Di Prima, Diane
- Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee
- Dell, Floyd
- District 65, United Automobile Workers
- Dombrowski, James Anderson
- Dobbs, Farrell
- Dunayevskaya, Raya
- Dollinger, Genora Johnson
- Disability Rights Movement
- Democratic Socialists of America
- Dietzgen, Joseph
- Dassin, Jules
- Direct Action
- De Cleyre, Voltairine
- Diaz, Abby Morton
- Davis, John P.
- Duncan, Isadora
- Daily Worker
- Davis, Mike
- Dellums, Ron
- Browse all D
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E
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F
- Feinberg, Leslie
- Farmer-Labor Party
- Flexner, Eleanor
- Flynn, James R.
- Filipino Americans
- Fleischman, Harry
- Ferlinghetti, Lawrence
- Feminist Political Economy
- Flores Magón, Ricardo
- Fast, Howard
- Federal Bureau of Investigation
- Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, and Allied Workers
- Foster, William Z
- Fourth International
- Farrell, James T.
- Free Soil Movements
- Freedomways
- Fromm, Erich
- Free Speech Movement
- Foner, Philip Sheldon
- Futurians
- Free Thought
- Freeman, Joseph
- Freedom Budget For All Americans
- Free Love
- Franco-Americans
- Fearing, Kenneth
- Federal Theater Project
- Folk Music, 1970s-2020
- Folk Music, 1930s-1960s
- Finnish Americans
- Fierro, Josefina
- Father Hagerty's Wheel
- Freie Gemeinden and Freidenker
- Free Society
- Fraina, Louis C.
- Fur and Leather Workers
- Films, Union- Sponsored
- Filmmaking, 1930s
- Fellow Travelers
- Fasanella, Ralph
- Factions
- Front Groups
- Friedan, Betty
- Wright, Fred
- Freie Arbeter Shtimme
- Federated Press
- Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley
- Frank, Waldo
- Gibson, Lydia
- Browse all F
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G
- Greenwich Village
- Ginsberg, Allen
- Gastonia Strike
- Gould, Stephen Jay
- Georgakas, Dan
- Green, Archie
- Gardner, Virginia
- Genovese, Eugene D.
- Glaberman, Martin
- Gray Panthers
- Gay Liberation, to Stonewall
- Goldberg, Itche
- Gray, Eula
- Greenback Labor Party
- Goodman, Paul
- George, Henry
- Greensboro Massacre
- Giovannitti, Arturo
- Galleani, Luigi
- Gregory, Dick
- Gronlund, Laurence
- Graeber, David
- Germer, Adolph
- GI Coffeehouse Movement
- Goldman, Emma
- Gutman, Herbert G
- Guthrie, Woody
- Gwathmey, Robert
- Gleason, Leverett Stone
- Golub, Leon
- German Americans
- General Strike
- Gold, Michael
- Gilman, Charlotte Perkins
- Gellert, Hugo
- Gropper, William
- Greie-Cramer, Johanna
- Groysser Kundes
- Browse all G
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H
- Hansberry, Lorraine
- Hook, Sidney
- Hardy, Jack
- Hawaii
- Historical Materialism
- Howe, Irving
- Humor
- Hayden, Tom
- Harburg, Edgar Y.
- Hungarian Americans
- Hughes, Langston
- Hughan, Jessie Wallace
- Hudson, Hosea
- Herdon Case
- Heywood, Angela T. and Ezra Heywood
- Hoopes, Darlington
- Hammett, Dashiell
- Hiss Case
- Hitler-Stalin Pact
- Horton, Myles
- Haywood, Harry
- Harrington, Oliver
- Hawes, Elizabeth
- Harrison, Hubert Henry
- Herbst, Josephine
- Heywood, Angela T.
- Howe, Florence
- Haywood, William D.
- Haymarket Affair
- Hinton, Richard Josiah
- Highlander Research and Education Center
- Harrington, Michael
- Hunton, W Alphaeus
- Hoff, Syd
- Health Activism, New Left
- Hollywood Left
- Hollywood Blacklist
- Howland, Marie
- Hollywood Writers Mobilization and the School for Writers
- Hollywood Review
- Hillquit, Morris
- Harm Reduction and Needle Exchange Movements, 1980s-1990s
- Hoffman, Abbie
- Hicks, Granville
- Browse all H
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I
- Independent Socialist Clubs/International Socialists
- Internet Memes
- Industrial Armies
- Internet Activism and Social Media
- International Ladies Garment Workers Union
- International Labor Defense
- Industrial Unionism
- Intercollegiate Socialist Society
- International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union
- Irish Americans
- Italian Federation of The Socialist Party of America
- International Association of Machinists
- In These Times
- Italian Americans
- Independent Left Journals, 1970s to 1990s
- International Workers Order
- International Brotherhood of Teamsters
- Industrialisti (The Industrialist)
- International Workingmen's Association
- International Woman's Day
- International Publishers
- Industrial Workers of The World Songs
- Irish Progressive League
- International Woodworkers of America
- Industrial Workers of the World
- Ignatiev, Noel
- Inman, Mary
- International Socialist Review
- Illinois Woman's Alliance
- ICOR
- Browse all I
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J
- Jewish Workers Choruses
- Jewish Socialist Federation
- John Reed Clubs
- Jones, "Mother" Mary Harris
- Jencks, Clinton
- Joseph, Cliff
- Jewish Labor Bund
- Jobs With Justice
- Jones, Claudia
- Jewish Life/Jewish Currents
- Japanese Americans
- Jacobson, Phyllis and Julius Jacobson
- Japanese American Nisei Left
- Jewish People's Fraternal Order
- Jazz
- Jacobin
- Jarrico, Paul
- Johns, Dorothy
- James, C.L.R.
- Jefferson School of Social Science
- Johnson, Olive M.
- Browse all J
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K
- Kovel, Joel
- Keracher, John
- Kester, Howard
- Katayama, Sen
- Konikow, Antoinette Bucholz
- Kupferberg, Tuli and The Fugs
- Korsch, Karl
- Kochiyama, Yuri
- Krassner, Paul
- Kailin, Clarence Schwid
- Knights of Labor
- Kelly, Harry
- Burke, Kenneth Duva
- Kelley, Florence
- Keller, Helen
- Khrushchev Revelations
- King, Carol Weiss
- Browse all K
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L
- London, Jack
- Local 9, Packinghouse Workers
- Lithuanian Americans
- Liberation News Service
- Labor Museums
- Lewis, Samella
- Lynd Staughton and Alice Lynd
- Lewontin, Richard
- League of Revolutionary Struggle
- Literary Criticism
- Lloyd, Henry Demarest
- Lower East Side, New York City
- Lehr-Und Wehrvereine
- Local 9, Packinghouse Workers-1
- Lucifer, The Light-Bearer
- Ludlow Massacre
- Liberation
- Little, Frank
- Lowe, Caroline A.
- Lawson, John Howard
- Leacock, Eleanor Burke
- Left Art, to 1940
- Lardner, Ring JR.
- Lerner, Gerda
- Liberation Theology
- Latin American Studies Association
- Little Lefty
- Lawrence, Jacob
- London, Meyer
- Liberator
- Labor Notes
- Le Sueur, Meridel
- Labor Today
- Lowenfels, Walter
- Labor Party
- Lawrence Textile Strike
- Llano Cooperative Colony
- Lumpenproletariat
- Lens, Sidney
- Lay, Benjamin
- League of Women Shoppers
- League of Revolutionary Black Workers
- Losey, Joseph
- Lampell, Millard
- La Follette, Robert Marion
- Lewis, Austin M.
- Labor Radio
- Lovestoneites
- Lore, Ludwig
- Latvian Americans
- Browse all L
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M
- McKay, Claude
- McChesney, Robert
- Milwaukee Wisconsin
- Maurer, James Hudson
- Mexican Americans
- Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Minneapolis Teamster Strikes
- Muste, A. J.
- Marxists Internet Archive
- Modern Dance
- Morgan, Lewis Henry
- May Day
- McNamara Case
- Mumford, Lewis
- Mother Earth
- McKinney, Edward Britt
- Modicut Theater
- Marcantonio, Vito
- McGrath, Tom
- Mitchell, H.L.
- Migratory Agricultural Labor
- Mr. Block
- Montgomery, David
- Marzani, Carl
- Mills, Charles Wright
- Mattick, Paul
- McCarthyism
- Mainstream
- Monthly Review
- Markham, Edwin
- Martinez, Elizabeth "Betita" Sutherland
- Millay, Edna St. Vincent
- March of Labor
- Maoism
- Movement for Black Lives
- Municipal Socialism
- Modern Middle East and North Africa Studies (MENA)
- Mitford, Jessica
- Mifflin, Warner and Anne Emlen Mifflin
- Mesches, Arnold
- Masses
- Moreno, Luisa
- Marable, Manning
- Most, Johann
- Mitchell, Broadus and Louise Pearson Mitchell
- Millard, Betty
- Mooney-Billings Case
- Matthiessen, Francis Otto
- Martin, Prestonia Mann
- Marcy, Mary Edna
- Browse all M
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N
- National Maritime Union
- National Emergency Civil Liberties Commitee
- New Left
- Nature Friends of America
- Nef, Walter T.
- New Yorker Volkszeitung
- New England Free Press
- National Negro Congress and Southern Negro Youth Congress
- New Masses
- Novick, Peysakh
- National Negro Labor Council
- North, Joseph
- New Left Electoral Politics
- National Union of Healthcare Workers
- New American Movement
- National Anti-Imperialist Movement in Solidarity with African Liberation
- Nelson, Steve
- Newsreel and Post-New Left Radical Filmmaking
- New Left Literature
- Neel, Alice
- National Guardian/Guardian
- National Union of Marine Cooks and Stewards
- New Politics
- New International
- Naturism
- National Nurses United
- National Women's Commission
- Nearing, Scott and Helen Nearing
- Nowak, Stanley and Margaret Collingwood Nowark
- North American Committee Aid Spanish Democracy
- Network/Nuns On The Bus
- Norwegian Americans
- Browse all N
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O
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P
- Paterson Strike of 1913
- Parenti, Michael
- Pathfinder Press
- Progressive Magazine
- Parsons, Lucy
- Popular Front
- Popular Fiction
- Pirinsky, George
- Phillips, Bruce "U Utah"
- Progressive
- Popular Culture
- Proletarian and Radical Writers, 1930s-1940s
- Partisan Review
- Poetry, 1870-1930
- Peace Movements
- Polish Americans
- Portuguese Americans
- Parlor Socialists
- Patterson, William L.
- People's World
- Puerto Ricans
- Pacifism
- Pekar, Harvey
- Goodman, Paul
- Greenback Labor Party
- Perlman, Fredy
- Poor People's Campaign
- Philosophy
- Patterson, Louise Thompson
- Parker, Dorothy
- Paterson, New Jersey, Anarchism
- Pan-African Movement
- Poetry, 1970-2020
- Political Deportations
- Page, Myra
- Political Studies
- Progressive Labor Party
- Progressive Miners of America
- Perlo, Victor and Ellen
- Participatory Democracy
- Parsons, Albert
- Page, Kirby
- Jewish People's Fraternal Order
- Peltier, Leonard
- Psychiatry and Psychology
- Psychoanalysis
- Pichell, Irving
- Political Theater
- PM
- Plotkin, Sara
- Browse all P
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Q
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R
- Robbins, Trina
- Rice, Megan
- Reed, Evelyn
- Radical Poetry, 1930s-1960s
- Radical Filmmaking, 1930s
- Radical Economics
- Radical America and Cultural Correspondence
- Rubinstein, Annette T
- Russian Americans
- Realignment
- Rodriguez, Manuel "Spain"
- Rent Strikes, New York City
- Reitzel, Robert
- Ruskin Colony
- Rochester, Anna
- Rivera, Diego
- Rainbow Coalition
- Radical Anthropology
- Rukeyser, Muriel
- Reconstruction
- Rodney, Lester
- Rand School of Social Science
- Reid, James P.
- Regroupment
- Research Libraries, Reading Rooms, Radical Bookstores and Infoshops
- Ridge, Lola
- Radical Humor
- Reed, John
- Railroad Strike of 1877
- Rebel Arts Group of the Socialist Party
- Rogovin, Milton
- Robeson, Paul
- Red Scare, 1919-1920
- Radical Novel, 1870-1930
- The Rebel Worker & Solidarity Bookshop
- Ratner, Michael
- Ritt, Martin
- Red Diaper Baby
- Rustin, Bayard
- Robinson, Lida Parce
- Rocker, Rudolf
- Randolph, A. Philip
- Radical Professional and Academic Journals
- Ramparts
- Rapp-Coudert Inquiry
- Replansky, Naomi
- Robinson, Earl
- Rosemont, Franklin
- Richardson, Beulah
- Browse all R
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S
- Southern Conference Educational Fund
- Sociology, To 1970
- Southern Tenant Farmers Union
- Southern Worker and the Communist Press in the South
- Spanish Revolution of 1936
- Stevens, May
- Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
- Scientists, 1920-1950
- Sanders, Bernard
- Sharecroppers Union
- Socialist Feminism
- Socialist Workers Party
- Solidarity Sing Along
- Strong, Anna Louise
- Science
- Small Mass Party
- Southern Student Organizing Commitee
- Studies on the Left
- Swados, Harvey
- Socialist Trades and Labor Alliance
- Spargo, John
- Shoe Workers
- Sinclair, Upton
- Smith Act Trials, 1949
- Snow, Edgar
- Slovenian Americans
- Simkins, Modjeska Monteith
- Syndicalist League of North America
- Science Fiction Since 1970
- Secret Work
- Slim, T-Bone
- Smedley, Agnes
- Sociology, 1970-2020
- SANE, Sane/Freeze, and Peace Action
- Seeger, Charles
- Sokolow, Anna
- San Francisco General Strike
- Slave Insurrections
- Sacco-Vanzetti Case
- Siegmeister, Elie
- Schapiro, Meyer
- Scottsboro Case
- Socialist Zionism
- Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
- Scudder, Vida Dutton
- Sunrise Movement
- Sugar, Maurice
- Social Democrats USA
- Sit-Down Strikes
- Sing Out!/Broadside
- Browse all S
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T
- Minneapolis Teamster Strikes
- Truth, Sojourner
- Travis, Robert Carroll
- Torrez, Anita and Lorenzo Torrez
- Thomas, Norman
- Toveritar/Naisten Viiri
- Tresca, Carlo
- Tapscott, Horace
- Tilton, Josephine S.
- Third International
- Third World Liberation Front
- Trumbo, Dalton
- Thompson, Fred W.
- Terkel, Louis (Studs)
- Tucker, Benjamin R.
- Thoreau, Henry David
- Tendencies
- Textile Workers Union
- Taft-Hartley Loyalty Oath
- Tax, Meredith
- Teachers Union of New York City
- The Rag
- Trade Union Educational League
- Browse all T
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U
- United Automobile Workers
- Union-Sponsored Radical Films
- Union Reform/Labor Support
- Utopianism
- Ukrainian Americans
- United Brewery Workers
- Union of Russian Workers
- Unemployed Movements, 1930s
- Unions of the Unemployed
- United Farm Equipment and Metal Workers Union
- US Labor Against War (USLAW)
- United Office and Professional Workers of America
- Underground Press
- United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers of America
- United for Peace & Justice
- Underground Comix
- United States History
- Browse all U
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V
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W
- Weiss, Cora
- Workers World Party
- Winspear, Alban Dewes
- Washington Commonwealth Federation
- Williams, Claude
- Workers' Control
- Workers Party
- Weinstock, Louis
- Wisconsin Uprising, 2011-2012
- World Socialist Party
- Workers Schools
- Working Woman/Woman Today
- Workingmen's Party of the United States
- Women's Liberation
- Wilshire, H. Gaylord
- Winston, Henry
- Wellman, Saul
- Wilson, Reginald
- Western Federation of Miners/International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers
- Wright, Frances (D'Arusmont)
- Walker, Ryan
- Workers Defense League
- Workers Laboratory Theater/Theater of Action
- White, Charles
- Women Strike For Peace
- Woodworkers of Chicago
- Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly
- Whitman, Walt
- Women's Studies
- Woman Question
- Women's March
- Women: A Journal of Liberation
- Woman's National Socialist Union
- Woman's National Committee
- World War 1, Opposition & Repression
- Wallerstein, Immanuel
- Wright, Richard
- Women's Liberation Unions
- Whistleblower
- Workers Circle
- Woodbey, George Washington
- Winter, Ella
- Whitney, Anita
- Weisbord, Albert and Vera Buch Weisbord
- Wordless Books
- Williams, William Appleman
- Whitney, Anne
- West Indians
- Woman Rebel
- Willard, Frances
- Browse all W
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